Manheim, Ralph F. (32977412) - Revision history

Admin: Set birth_place to New York City, New York; sync Timeline/Biography

2026-09-17T01:05:17Z

Set birth_place to New York City, New York; sync Timeline/Biography

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:05, 17 September 2026
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	\|birth_date=4 April 1907		\|birth_date=4 April 1907
	\|death_date=26 September 1992		\|death_date=26 September 1992
	\|birth_place=New York City		\|birth_place=New York City, New York
	\|death_place=Cambridge, England		\|death_place=Cambridge, England
	}}		}}
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	== Biography ==		== Biography ==
	Ralph Frederick Manheim was born on 4 April 1907 in New York City to American parents of Lithuanian and German descent. He graduated from Harvard in 1926, studied further at Yale and Columbia, and spent time in Vienna and Munich. He taught school in Connecticut and wrote under the WPA Federal Writers’ Project before turning to literary translation; his early wartime bibliography included an English ''Mein Kampf'' (1943) and Konrad Heiden’s Hitler biography.		Ralph Frederick Manheim was born on 4 April 1907 in New York City, New York to American parents of Lithuanian and German descent. He graduated from Harvard in 1926, studied further at Yale and Columbia, and spent time in Vienna and Munich. He taught school in Connecticut and wrote under the WPA Federal Writers’ Project before turning to literary translation; his early wartime bibliography included an English ''Mein Kampf'' (1943) and Konrad Heiden’s Hitler biography.

	Drafted into the Army, Manheim trained at Camp Ritchie (Class 23) for prisoner-of-war interrogation but, by his own later account, was assigned instead to translating German documents—work that sharpened the military vocabulary he used after 1945.		Drafted into the Army, Manheim trained at Camp Ritchie (Class 23) for prisoner-of-war interrogation but, by his own later account, was assigned instead to translating German documents—work that sharpened the military vocabulary he used after 1945.
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	<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed soldier-timeline">		<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed soldier-timeline">
	<div class="soldier-timeline-body">		<div class="soldier-timeline-body">
	* 4 April 1907 — Born in New York City.		* 4 April 1907 — Born in New York City, New York.
	* 1926 — Graduated from Harvard.		* 1926 — Graduated from Harvard.
	* 1943 — Published English translation of ''Mein Kampf''; drafted and trained at Camp Ritchie (Class 23).		* 1943 — Published English translation of ''Mein Kampf''; drafted and trained at Camp Ritchie (Class 23).

Admin: RB Archive batch-11 curated media

2026-09-16T23:25:48Z

RB Archive batch-11 curated media

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:25, 16 September 2026
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	\|class_number=23		\|class_number=23
	\|class_display=23		\|class_display=23
	\|photo=~~5901808306507708~~.~~jpg~~		\|photo=Manheim_Ralph_F_32977412_portrait.png
	\|birth_date=4 April 1907		\|birth_date=4 April 1907
	\|death_date=26 September 1992		\|death_date=26 September 1992
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	* 5th Army ?		* 5th Army ?
	* Normalized birth_place from “New York” to New York City. No military decoration is asserted.		* Normalized birth_place from “New York” to New York City. No military decoration is asserted.

			== Gallery ==
			<div class="soldier-gallery">
			<gallery mode="packed" heights="140px">
			Manheim_Ralph_F_32977412_portrait.png\|Ralph F. Manheim portrait (RB Archive)
			</gallery>
			</div>

	== Technical record ==		== Technical record ==
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	== Sources ==		== Sources ==
			* [[:File:Manheim_Ralph_F_32977412_portrait.png\|Ralph F. Manheim portrait (RB Archive)]]
	* ''The Guardian'', 29 September 1992 — John Willett, “Englishing the Germans from Hitler to Grass” (RB Archive ProQuest copy)		* ''The Guardian'', 29 September 1992 — John Willett, “Englishing the Germans from Hitler to Grass” (RB Archive ProQuest copy)
	* Camp Ritchie Museum, Inc. (The Ritchie History Museum), Classes 1–31 roster data		* Camp Ritchie Museum, Inc. (The Ritchie History Museum), Classes 1–31 roster data

Admin: RB Archive batch-11 enrichment: RB Archive packet chronological regen

2026-09-16T23:23:41Z

RB Archive batch-11 enrichment: RB Archive packet chronological regen

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:23, 16 September 2026
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	\|birth_date=4 April 1907		\|birth_date=4 April 1907
	\|death_date=26 September 1992		\|death_date=26 September 1992
	\|birth_place=New York		\|birth_place=New York City
			\|death_place=Cambridge, England
	}}		}}

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	== Biography ==		== Biography ==
	~~Born April 4, 1907; died September 26, 1992 at the age of 85.~~ Manheim was born in New York to American parents of Lithuanian and German descent~~, and~~ graduated from Harvard in 1926.		Ralph Frederick Manheim was born on 4 April 1907 in New York City to American parents of Lithuanian and German descent. He graduated from Harvard in 1926, studied further at Yale and Columbia, and spent time in Vienna and Munich. He taught school in Connecticut and wrote under the WPA Federal Writers’ Project before turning to literary translation; his early wartime bibliography included an English ''Mein Kampf'' (1943) and Konrad Heiden’s Hitler biography.

	~~For a time he was a schoolmaster in Connecticut~~, ~~and during the Roosevelt era began producing stories and articles~~ of his own, ~~helped by~~ the ~~Federal WPA writing project~~.		Drafted into the Army, Manheim trained at Camp Ritchie (Class 23) for prisoner-of-war interrogation but, by his own later account, was assigned instead to translating German documents—work that sharpened the military vocabulary he used after 1945.

	~~His long bibliography of some 150 book translations begins ominously with Mein Kampf in 1943 and Konrad Heiden's biography of Hitler a year later, and when he was drafted into~~ the ~~army he was first sent to the intelligence training centre at Camp Ritchie to be made into a prisoner of~~ war ~~interrogator.~~		After the war Manheim became one of the leading translators from German (and French) into English, rendering Günter Grass, Brecht, Handke, Cassirer, and many others. He settled in Paris in 1951 and later in Cambridge, England, receiving a MacArthur Fellowship and the PEN translation medal. He died of cancer on 26 September 1992.

	~~By his own account he was spared this unwelcome role in favour~~ of ~~translating German documents, and~~ the ~~command of military terms and expressions which this gave him would become useful after 1945. He was the outstanding literary translator~~ from German into English ~~since the second world war. Best known perhaps for his widely-read translations of Gunter~~ Grass, ~~starting with The Tin Drum for Kurt Wolff's New York firm Pantheon Books~~, ~~he worked for several leading belles-lettres~~, ~~academic and art book publishers on both sides of the Atlantic and also did some translating from the French (including Celine's novels~~ and ~~Proust's early letters)~~.

	He ~~won~~ a ~~number of literary awards, culminating in the~~ MacArthur ~~fellowship~~ and the PEN medal ~~for translation, and was an internationally loved and respected figure~~.

	He ~~thereafter studied at Yale and Columbia before going overseas to Vienna and Munich~~.

	== Research notes ==		== Research notes ==
	* 5th Army ?		* 5th Army ?
			* Normalized birth_place from “New York” to New York City. No military decoration is asserted.

	== Technical record ==		== Technical record ==
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	\| row_source \|\| both		\| row_source \|\| both
	\|}		\|}

			== Timeline ==
			<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed soldier-timeline">
			<div class="soldier-timeline-body">
			* 4 April 1907 — Born in New York City.
			* 1926 — Graduated from Harvard.
			* 1943 — Published English translation of ''Mein Kampf''; drafted and trained at Camp Ritchie (Class 23).
			* World War II — Assigned to German document translation rather than front-line interrogation.
			* 1951 — Settled in Paris to translate full time.
			* 1985 — After his third wife’s death, later settled in Cambridge, England.
			* 26 September 1992 — Died in Cambridge, England.
			</div>
			</div><div style="clear: both;"></div>

	== Sources ==		== Sources ==
			* ''The Guardian'', 29 September 1992 — John Willett, “Englishing the Germans from Hitler to Grass” (RB Archive ProQuest copy)
	* Camp Ritchie Museum, Inc. (The Ritchie History Museum), Classes 1–31 roster data		* Camp Ritchie Museum, Inc. (The Ritchie History Museum), Classes 1–31 roster data
	* Dan Gross research spreadsheets, including original Excel timeline/roster work, combined with other research and records		* Dan Gross research spreadsheets, including original Excel timeline/roster work, combined with other research and records

Admin: Apply shared profile publish standards

2026-09-02T15:40:01Z

Apply shared profile publish standards

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:40, 2 September 2026
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	== Biography ==		== Biography ==
	. Manheim was born in New York to American parents of Lithuanian and German descent, and graduated from Harvard in 1926. ~~Born April 4~~, ~~1907; died September 26~~, ~~1992~~ at the ~~age~~ of 85. He was the outstanding literary translator from German into English since the second world war. Best known perhaps for his widely-read translations of Gunter Grass, starting with The Tin Drum for Kurt Wolff's New York firm Pantheon Books, he worked for several leading belles-lettres, academic and art book publishers on both sides of the Atlantic and also did some translating from the French (including Celine's novels and Proust's early letters). He won a number of literary awards, culminating in the MacArthur fellowship and the PEN medal for translation, and was an internationally loved and respected figure. He thereafter studied at Yale and Columbia before going overseas to Vienna and Munich. For a time he was a schoolmaster in Connecticut, and during the Roosevelt era began producing stories and articles of his own, helped by the Federal WPA writing project. His long bibliography of some 150 book translations begins ominously with Mein Kampf in 1943 and Konrad Heiden's biography of Hitler a year later, and when he was drafted into the army he was first sent to the intelligence training centre at Camp Ritchie to be made into a prisoner of war interrogator. By his own account he was spared this unwelcome role in favour of translating German documents, and the command of military terms and expressions which this gave him would become useful after 1945.		Born April 4, 1907; died September 26, 1992 at the age of 85. Manheim was born in New York to American parents of Lithuanian and German descent, and graduated from Harvard in 1926.

			For a time he was a schoolmaster in Connecticut, and during the Roosevelt era began producing stories and articles of his own, helped by the Federal WPA writing project.

			His long bibliography of some 150 book translations begins ominously with Mein Kampf in 1943 and Konrad Heiden's biography of Hitler a year later, and when he was drafted into the army he was first sent to the intelligence training centre at Camp Ritchie to be made into a prisoner of war interrogator.

			By his own account he was spared this unwelcome role in favour of translating German documents, and the command of military terms and expressions which this gave him would become useful after 1945. He was the outstanding literary translator from German into English since the second world war. Best known perhaps for his widely-read translations of Gunter Grass, starting with The Tin Drum for Kurt Wolff's New York firm Pantheon Books, he worked for several leading belles-lettres, academic and art book publishers on both sides of the Atlantic and also did some translating from the French (including Celine's novels and Proust's early letters).

			He won a number of literary awards, culminating in the MacArthur fellowship and the PEN medal for translation, and was an internationally loved and respected figure.

			He thereafter studied at Yale and Columbia before going overseas to Vienna and Munich.

	== Research notes ==		== Research notes ==

Admin: Clarify museum roster and Dan Gross research sources

2026-08-31T03:58:08Z

Clarify museum roster and Dan Gross research sources

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:58, 31 August 2026
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	== Sources ==		== Sources ==
	* Camp Ritchie ~~class roster~~ (~~classes~~ 1–31), ~~merged~~ research ~~file~~		* Camp Ritchie Museum, Inc. (The Ritchie History Museum), Classes 1–31 roster data
			* Dan Gross research spreadsheets, including original Excel timeline/roster work, combined with other research and records
	* NARA World War II Army enlistment records (where a NARA ASN is present)		* NARA World War II Army enlistment records (where a NARA ASN is present)
	* 1940 U.S. Census (where a census match is present)		* 1940 U.S. Census (where a census match is present)
	* Ritchie Boys of WWII Facebook page, post dated 2022-11-28 (1 post)		* Ritchie Boys of WWII Facebook page, post dated 2022-11-28 (1 post)
	* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_Manheim Wikipedia]		* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_Manheim Wikipedia]

Admin: Expand documented full name in infobox and lead

2026-08-28T04:32:26Z

Expand documented full name in infobox and lead

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:32, 28 August 2026
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	\|surname=Manheim		\|surname=Manheim
	\|first=Ralph		\|first=Ralph
	\|middle=F.		\|middle=Frederick
	\|class_section=5E		\|class_section=5E
	\|class_rank=Pvt		\|class_rank=Pvt
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	<div class="soldier-lead">		<div class="soldier-lead">
	'''[[Manheim, Ralph F. (32977412)\|Ralph F. Manheim]]''' (4 April 1907 – 26 September 1992) was a Ritchie Boy (from United States; Jewish) who trained at Camp Ritchie in class 23.		'''[[Manheim, Ralph F. (32977412)\|Ralph Frederick Manheim]]''' (4 April 1907 – 26 September 1992) was a Ritchie Boy (from United States; Jewish) who trained at Camp Ritchie in class 23.
	</div>		</div>

Admin: Rewrite Facebook-voice biography; curate gallery

2026-08-27T01:49:19Z

Rewrite Facebook-voice biography; curate gallery

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:49, 27 August 2026
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	== Biography ==		== Biography ==
	~~Ralph Frederick~~ Manheim, ~~was a Ritchie Boy~~. Born April 4, 1907; died September 26, 1992 at the age of 85. He was the outstanding literary translator from German into English since the second world war. Best known perhaps for his widely-read translations of Gunter Grass, starting with The Tin Drum for Kurt Wolff's New York firm Pantheon Books, he worked for several leading belles-lettres, academic and art book publishers on both sides of the Atlantic and also did some translating from the French (including Celine's novels and Proust's early letters). He won a number of literary awards, culminating in the MacArthur fellowship and the PEN medal for translation, and was an internationally loved and respected figure~~. Manheim was born in New York to American parents of Lithuanian and German descent, and graduated from Harvard in 1926~~. He thereafter studied at Yale and Columbia before going overseas to Vienna and Munich. For a time he was a schoolmaster in Connecticut, and during the Roosevelt era began producing stories and articles of his own, helped by the Federal WPA writing project. His long bibliography of some 150 book translations begins ominously with Mein Kampf in 1943 and Konrad Heiden's biography of Hitler a year later, and when he was drafted into the army he was first sent to the intelligence training centre at Camp Ritchie to be made into a prisoner of war interrogator. By his own account he was spared this unwelcome role in favour of translating German documents, and the command of military terms and expressions which this gave him would become useful after 1945.		. Manheim was born in New York to American parents of Lithuanian and German descent, and graduated from Harvard in 1926. Born April 4, 1907; died September 26, 1992 at the age of 85. He was the outstanding literary translator from German into English since the second world war. Best known perhaps for his widely-read translations of Gunter Grass, starting with The Tin Drum for Kurt Wolff's New York firm Pantheon Books, he worked for several leading belles-lettres, academic and art book publishers on both sides of the Atlantic and also did some translating from the French (including Celine's novels and Proust's early letters). He won a number of literary awards, culminating in the MacArthur fellowship and the PEN medal for translation, and was an internationally loved and respected figure. He thereafter studied at Yale and Columbia before going overseas to Vienna and Munich. For a time he was a schoolmaster in Connecticut, and during the Roosevelt era began producing stories and articles of his own, helped by the Federal WPA writing project. His long bibliography of some 150 book translations begins ominously with Mein Kampf in 1943 and Konrad Heiden's biography of Hitler a year later, and when he was drafted into the army he was first sent to the intelligence training centre at Camp Ritchie to be made into a prisoner of war interrogator. By his own account he was spared this unwelcome role in favour of translating German documents, and the command of military terms and expressions which this gave him would become useful after 1945.

	== Research notes ==		== Research notes ==

Admin: Normalize nativity/religion; split arm of service from branch

2026-08-26T18:26:57Z

Normalize nativity/religion; split arm of service from branch

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:26, 26 August 2026
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	\|birth_year=1907		\|birth_year=1907
	\|death_year=1992		\|death_year=1992
	\|nativity=US		\|nativity=United States
	\|religion=J		\|religion=Jewish
	\|enlistment_place=NEW YORK CITY NEW YORK		\|enlistment_place=NEW YORK CITY NEW YORK
	\|state=NEW YORK		\|state=NEW YORK

Admin: Normalize spacing before lifespan in opening summary

2026-08-26T15:05:53Z

Normalize spacing before lifespan in opening summary

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:05, 26 August 2026
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	<div class="soldier-lead">		<div class="soldier-lead">
	'''[[Manheim, Ralph F. (32977412)\|Ralph F. Manheim]]''' (4 April 1907 – 26 September 1992) was a Ritchie Boy (from United States; Jewish) who trained at Camp Ritchie in class 23.		'''[[Manheim, Ralph F. (32977412)\|Ralph F. Manheim]]''' (4 April 1907 – 26 September 1992) was a Ritchie Boy (from United States; Jewish) who trained at Camp Ritchie in class 23.
	</div>		</div>

Admin: Opening summary: use full birth/death dates when known

2026-08-26T14:59:28Z

Opening summary: use full birth/death dates when known

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:59, 26 August 2026
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	<div class="soldier-lead">		<div class="soldier-lead">
	'''[[Manheim, Ralph F. (32977412)\|Ralph F. Manheim]]''' (~~1907–1992~~) was a Ritchie Boy (from United States; Jewish) who trained at Camp Ritchie in class 23.		'''[[Manheim, Ralph F. (32977412)\|Ralph F. Manheim]]''' (4 April 1907 – 26 September 1992) was a Ritchie Boy (from United States; Jewish) who trained at Camp Ritchie in class 23.
	</div>		</div>