Heym, Stefan (32860259): Difference between revisions

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In 1935 a grant from a Jewish student association took Heym to the University of Chicago, where he completed his degree in 1936 with a dissertation on Heinrich Heine. From 1937 to 1939 he was editor-in-chief of the New York German-language weekly ''Deutsches Volksecho'', which was close to the Communist Party USA, and after it closed in November 1939 he worked as a freelance author in English; his first novel, ''Hostages'' (1942), was a bestseller.

Heym, by then a U.S. citizen, enlisted in New York City; the roster lists two years of college and his civilian occupation as author, editor, and reporter. He was assigned to Camp Ritchie in May 1943 with German and French, entered [[:Category:Class 9|Class 9]] (IPW Ge) on 21 June 1943, and graduated on 18 August 1943 as an assistant interrogator, linguist, and typist. He then joined the psychological-warfare unit led by the émigré [[Habe-Bekessy, Hans (32719455)|Hans Habe]], writing texts aimed at Wehrmacht soldiers for leaflets, radio, and loudspeakers; he was promoted to technician third grade on 15 February 1944 and to technical sergeant on 3 March 1944. The experience inspired his novel ''The Crusaders'' and the collection ''Reden an den Feind'' (Speeches to the Enemy). He married Gertrude Gelbin, an American, in 1944. After the war he led the ''Ruhrzeitung'' in Essen and then worked as an editor at ''Die Neue Zeitung'' in Munich, but his refusal to soften his criticism of Nazism and the German elites who had collaborated with it, or to cast doubt on Soviet intentions in his editorials, led to his transfer back to the United States toward the end of 1945.

Heym, by then a U.S. citizen, enlisted in New York City; the roster lists two years of college and his civilian occupation as author, editor, and reporter. He was assigned to Camp Ritchie in May 1943 with German and French, entered [[:Category:Class 9|Class 9]] (IPW Ge) on 21 June 1943, and graduated on 18 August 1943 as an assistant interrogator, linguist, and typist. According to historian Beverley Driver Eddy, after Camp Ritchie he went to [[Camp Sharpe]] near Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, for more training in psychological warfare. He then joined the psychological-warfare unit led by the émigré [[Habe-Bekessy, Hans (32719455)|Hans Habe]], writing texts aimed at Wehrmacht soldiers for leaflets, radio, and loudspeakers; he was promoted to technician third grade on 15 February 1944 and to technical sergeant on 3 March 1944. The experience inspired his novel ''The Crusaders'' and the collection ''Reden an den Feind'' (Speeches to the Enemy). He married Gertrude Gelbin, an American, in 1944. After the war he led the ''Ruhrzeitung'' in Essen and then worked as an editor at ''Die Neue Zeitung'' in Munich, but his refusal to soften his criticism of Nazism and the German elites who had collaborated with it, or to cast doubt on Soviet intentions in his editorials, led to his transfer back to the United States toward the end of 1945.

Heym worked as a freelance author again until 1951, when, fearing investigation by the House Un-American Activities Committee during the McCarthy era, he left the United States with his wife. In 1952 he returned all his American military commendations in protest against the Korean War and moved to Prague, and the following year to the German Democratic Republic, which restored his German citizenship. At first privileged as a returning antifascist, he lived in a state-provided villa in Berlin-Grünau, worked at the ''Berliner Zeitung'' from 1953 to 1956, and published his English-language works through Seven Seas Publishers, founded for him, with German translations in large print runs; he received the Heinrich Mann Prize in 1953 and the National Prize of the GDR, second class, in 1959.

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4448187125203174.jpg|All the men identified in the pix are "Ritchie Boys." Seated - [[Habe-Bekessy, Hans (32719455)|Hans Habe]]. Standing L-R - Unknown, [[Wynder, Ernest L (32926486)|Ernest Wynder]], [[Kellen, Konrad (39701828)|Konrad Kellen]], unknown, [[Heym, Stefan (32860259)|Stefan Heym]], [[Atlas, Louis (32258804)|Louis Atlas]], [[Weidenreich, Peter H. (32791342)|Peter Weidenreich]] (last name later changed to Wyden), unknown, [[Eaton, Joseph W. (32498461)|Joseph Eaton]]

4448187125203174.jpg|All the men identified in the pix are "Ritchie Boys." Seated - [[Habe-Bekessy, Hans (32719455)|Hans Habe]]. Standing L-R - Unknown, [[Wynder, Ernest Ludwig (32926486)|Ernest Wynder]], [[Kellen, Konrad (39701828)|Konrad Kellen]], unknown, [[Heym, Stefan (32860259)|Stefan Heym]], [[Atlas, Louis (32258804)|Louis Atlas]], [[Weidenreich, Peter H. (32791342)|Peter Weidenreich]] (last name later changed to Wyden), unknown, [[Eaton, Joseph W. (32498461)|Joseph Eaton]]

</gallery>

</div>

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== Sources ==

* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stefan_Heym Wikipedia: Stefan Heym]

* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZejaSaIInpE Beverley Driver Eddy, video interview on Camp Sharpe (YouTube)] (Camp Sharpe training after Camp Ritchie)

* Camp Ritchie Museum, Inc. (The Ritchie History Museum), Classes 1–31 roster data

* Dan Gross research spreadsheets, including original Excel timeline/roster work, combined with other research and records

@@ Line 41: / Line 41: @@
 In 1935 a grant from a Jewish student association took Heym to the University of Chicago, where he completed his degree in 1936 with a dissertation on Heinrich Heine. From 1937 to 1939 he was editor-in-chief of the New York German-language weekly ''Deutsches Volksecho'', which was close to the Communist Party USA, and after it closed in November 1939 he worked as a freelance author in English; his first novel, ''Hostages'' (1942), was a bestseller.
-Heym, by then a U.S. citizen, enlisted in New York City; the roster lists two years of college and his civilian occupation as author, editor, and reporter. He was assigned to Camp Ritchie in May 1943 with German and French, entered [[:Category:Class 9|Class 9]] (IPW Ge) on 21 June 1943, and graduated on 18 August 1943 as an assistant interrogator, linguist, and typist. He then joined the psychological-warfare unit led by the émigré [[Habe-Bekessy, Hans (32719455)|Hans Habe]], writing texts aimed at Wehrmacht soldiers for leaflets, radio, and loudspeakers; he was promoted to technician third grade on 15 February 1944 and to technical sergeant on 3 March 1944. The experience inspired his novel ''The Crusaders'' and the collection ''Reden an den Feind'' (Speeches to the Enemy). He married Gertrude Gelbin, an American, in 1944. After the war he led the ''Ruhrzeitung'' in Essen and then worked as an editor at ''Die Neue Zeitung'' in Munich, but his refusal to soften his criticism of Nazism and the German elites who had collaborated with it, or to cast doubt on Soviet intentions in his editorials, led to his transfer back to the United States toward the end of 1945.
+Heym, by then a U.S. citizen, enlisted in New York City; the roster lists two years of college and his civilian occupation as author, editor, and reporter. He was assigned to Camp Ritchie in May 1943 with German and French, entered [[:Category:Class 9|Class 9]] (IPW Ge) on 21 June 1943, and graduated on 18 August 1943 as an assistant interrogator, linguist, and typist. According to historian Beverley Driver Eddy, after Camp Ritchie he went to [[Camp Sharpe]] near Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, for more training in psychological warfare. He then joined the psychological-warfare unit led by the émigré [[Habe-Bekessy, Hans (32719455)|Hans Habe]], writing texts aimed at Wehrmacht soldiers for leaflets, radio, and loudspeakers; he was promoted to technician third grade on 15 February 1944 and to technical sergeant on 3 March 1944. The experience inspired his novel ''The Crusaders'' and the collection ''Reden an den Feind'' (Speeches to the Enemy). He married Gertrude Gelbin, an American, in 1944. After the war he led the ''Ruhrzeitung'' in Essen and then worked as an editor at ''Die Neue Zeitung'' in Munich, but his refusal to soften his criticism of Nazism and the German elites who had collaborated with it, or to cast doubt on Soviet intentions in his editorials, led to his transfer back to the United States toward the end of 1945.
 Heym worked as a freelance author again until 1951, when, fearing investigation by the House Un-American Activities Committee during the McCarthy era, he left the United States with his wife. In 1952 he returned all his American military commendations in protest against the Korean War and moved to Prague, and the following year to the German Democratic Republic, which restored his German citizenship. At first privileged as a returning antifascist, he lived in a state-provided villa in Berlin-Grünau, worked at the ''Berliner Zeitung'' from 1953 to 1956, and published his English-language works through Seven Seas Publishers, founded for him, with German translations in large print runs; he received the Heinrich Mann Prize in 1953 and the National Prize of the GDR, second class, in 1959.
@@ Line 58: / Line 58: @@
 <div class="soldier-gallery">
 <gallery mode="packed" heights="140px">
-4448187125203174.jpg|All the men identified in the pix are "Ritchie Boys." Seated - [[Habe-Bekessy, Hans (32719455)|Hans Habe]]. Standing L-R - Unknown, [[Wynder, Ernest L (32926486)|Ernest Wynder]], [[Kellen, Konrad (39701828)|Konrad Kellen]], unknown, [[Heym, Stefan (32860259)|Stefan Heym]], [[Atlas, Louis (32258804)|Louis Atlas]], [[Weidenreich, Peter H. (32791342)|Peter Weidenreich]] (last name later changed to Wyden), unknown, [[Eaton, Joseph W. (32498461)|Joseph Eaton]]
+4448187125203174.jpg|All the men identified in the pix are "Ritchie Boys." Seated - [[Habe-Bekessy, Hans (32719455)|Hans Habe]]. Standing L-R - Unknown, [[Wynder, Ernest Ludwig (32926486)|Ernest Wynder]], [[Kellen, Konrad (39701828)|Konrad Kellen]], unknown, [[Heym, Stefan (32860259)|Stefan Heym]], [[Atlas, Louis (32258804)|Louis Atlas]], [[Weidenreich, Peter H. (32791342)|Peter Weidenreich]] (last name later changed to Wyden), unknown, [[Eaton, Joseph W. (32498461)|Joseph Eaton]]
 </gallery>
 </div>
@@ Line 149: / Line 149: @@
 == Sources ==
 * [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stefan_Heym Wikipedia: Stefan Heym]
+* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZejaSaIInpE Beverley Driver Eddy, video interview on Camp Sharpe (YouTube)] (Camp Sharpe training after Camp Ritchie)
 * Camp Ritchie Museum, Inc. (The Ritchie History Museum), Classes 1–31 roster data
 * Dan Gross research spreadsheets, including original Excel timeline/roster work, combined with other research and records