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Neustadt, Hermann (0555150): Difference between revisions

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RB Archive batch-7 enrichment: Chronological regen; DOB; Breslau; dual ASN; Newton alias
 
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|surname=Neustadt
|surname=Neustadt
|first=Hermann
|first=Hermann
|alias=Newton
|alias=Harvey P. Newton
|class_section=5B
|class_section=5B
|class_rank=Pfc
|class_rank=Pfc
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|religion=Jewish
|religion=Jewish
|overseas=Y
|overseas=Y
|rank_final=Pfc
|rank_final=First Lieutenant
|certificate=6561
|certificate=6561
|confidence=medium
|confidence=medium
|class_number=17
|class_number=17
|class_display=17
|class_display=17
|specialty=Prisoner of War Interrogation Officer
|battles=Normandy; Northern France; Rhineland
|awards=Purple Heart
|awards_grid=Purple Heart
|awards_ribbons=Ribbon_Purple_Heart_ribbon.png
|awards_ribbon_rows=Ribbon_Purple_Heart_ribbon.png
|birth_place=Breslau, Germany
|death_date=1 April 1998
|birth_date=4 October 1920
|death_place=Costa Rica
}}
}}


<div class="soldier-lead">
<div class="soldier-lead">
'''[[Neustadt, Hermann (0555150)|Hermann Neustadt]]''' (1920–1998) was a Ritchie Boy (born Newton; from Germany; Jewish) who trained at Camp Ritchie in class 17.
'''[[Neustadt, Hermann (0555150)|Hermann Neustadt]]''' (4 October 1920 – 1 April 1998), later '''Harvey P. Newton''', was a Breslau-born Ritchie Boy (Class 17) who interrogated in France, earned a Purple Heart, and became a soil scientist.
</div>
</div>


== Biography ==
== Biography ==
Newton, born Hermann Neustadt on October 4 1920, the son of an upper-middle class, assimilated Jewish family in Breslau (now Wrocaw, Poland). After completing elementary school and a few years of Gymnasium education, Hermann Neustadt chose not to follow in the footsteps of his father due to the rising anti-Semitism in Germany. Like thousands of other Jews, he was sent to the concentration camp in Buchenwald after "Kristallnacht." With the help of the Jewish Committee in Holland, Hermann Neustadt was permitted to practice his new trade on another training farm, Wieringerwaard. In 1944 Hermann Neustadt changed his name to Harvey P. Instead, he decided to join a group of young Jewish people who opted for agricultural training at the Auswanderer-Lehrsgut Groß Breesen, a farm that prepared young people to seek a new life outside Germany. He completed his training, thereby earning a diploma. In 1940 he emigrated to the United States, and worked briefly at the Hyde Park training farm in Virginia before enlisting in the U.S. Newton remained in the army until 1946. In February 1944 he was transferred to the Military Intelligence Training Center at Camp Ritchie, Maryland, due to his fluency in German. There he was trained in interrogation, and worked as an interrogator of German civilians and officers until he was wounded in France in November 1944. Thereafter he worked at the Enemy Prisoners of War Information Bureau. Harvey Newton was promoted several times during his service; by the time he retired from the army in 1946 he had received the rank of First Lieutenant. Harvey Newton returned to school as a beneficiary of the G.I.
Hermann Neustadt was born on 4 October 1920 in Breslau (now Wrocław, Poland) to an assimilated Jewish family. After Kristallnacht he was imprisoned at Buchenwald, then trained in agriculture at Auswanderer-Lehrsgut Groß Breesen and at Wieringerwaard in the Netherlands. He emigrated to the United States in 1940, worked briefly at the Hyde Park training farm in Virginia, and enlisted in the Army.
 
In February 1944 he transferred to Camp Ritchie (Class 17) as a German-language interrogator. He questioned German civilians and officers until he was wounded in France in November 1944, earning the Purple Heart, then served at the Enemy Prisoners of War Information Bureau. In 1944 he legally changed his name to Harvey P. Newton; he left the Army in 1946 as a first lieutenant. Enlisted records also list ASN '''33044875''' before his officer ASN '''0555150'''.
 
Under the G.I. Bill he earned a B.S. in agronomy at Rutgers (1948) and a Ph.D. in plant physiology (1951), then worked as a soil expert for U.S. agricultural programs in Venezuela, Costa Rica, Somalia, and Ecuador. He died in Costa Rica on 1 April 1998.


== Research notes ==
== Research notes ==
* Also Pfc 33044875 ASTP
* Enlisted records identify Hermann Neustadt as ASN 33044875; later officer records identify Harvey P. Newton/Hermann Neustadt as ASN 0555150.
* OCR (93%) of `5784574961564377.jpg` (gallery document) — dated 18 Juno 1944.
* The name-change record connects Hermann Neustadt with Harvey P. Newton.
* OCR (83%) of `5784574941564379.jpg` (gallery document) — dated 29 JANUAPy 1944.
* Public profile remains under roster title Neustadt, Hermann (0555150); Harvey P. Newton is the postwar legal name (alias).
* OCR (82%) of `5784574968231043.jpg` (gallery document) — rank mentioned: Private First Class.
* OCR (81%) of `5784574964897710.jpg` (CERTIFICATE OF) — dated 12 JuL 1944; 1 November 1944.


== Gallery ==
== Gallery ==
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| row_source || both
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== Timeline ==
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed soldier-timeline">
<div class="soldier-timeline-body">
* 4 October 1920 — Born Hermann Neustadt in Breslau.
* 1938–1940 — Buchenwald after Kristallnacht; Groß Breesen / Wieringerwaard training; to U.S. 1940.
* 24 May 1941 onward — U.S. Army service (enlisted ASN 33044875).
* February 1944 — Camp Ritchie Class 17; name change to Harvey P. Newton (1944).
* November 1944 — Wounded in France; Purple Heart; EPW Information Bureau.
* 1946 — Left Army as first lieutenant (officer ASN 0555150).
* 1948 / 1951 — Rutgers B.S. agronomy; Ph.D. plant physiology.
* 1952 onward — USDA / AID soil work in Latin America and Africa.
* 1 April 1998 — Died in Costa Rica.
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</div><div style="clear: both;"></div>


== Sources ==
== Sources ==
* Camp Ritchie class roster (classes 1–31), merged research file
* [https://prabook.com/web/harvey_p.newton/1695537 Prabook — Harvey P. Newton vital / service dates]
* [https://search.cjh.org/primo-explore/fulldisplay?docid=CJH_ALEPH000197537&context=L&vid=lbi&lang=en_US CJH / LBI catalog — Harvey P. Newton Collection]
* Leo Baeck Institute / CJH finding aid — Harvey P. Newton Collection (born Hermann Neustadt)
* Camp Ritchie Museum, Inc. (The Ritchie History Museum), Classes 1–31 roster data
* Dan Gross research spreadsheets, including original Excel timeline/roster work, combined with other research and records
* NARA World War II Army enlistment records (where a NARA ASN is present)
* NARA World War II Army enlistment records (where a NARA ASN is present)
* 1940 U.S. Census (where a census match is present)
* 1940 U.S. Census (where a census match is present)
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* [[:File:5784574968231043.jpg|OCR-reviewed Facebook gallery document: 5784574968231043.jpg]]
* [[:File:5784574968231043.jpg|OCR-reviewed Facebook gallery document: 5784574968231043.jpg]]
* [[:File:5784574964897710.jpg|OCR-reviewed Facebook gallery document: 5784574964897710.jpg]]
* [[:File:5784574964897710.jpg|OCR-reviewed Facebook gallery document: 5784574964897710.jpg]]
* [[:File:5784574944897712.jpg|Neustadt enlisted record]]
* [[:File:5784574981564375.jpg|Neustadt honorable-discharge certificate]]
* [[:File:5784574974897709.jpg|Newton Separation Qualification Record]]
* [[:File:5784574954897711.jpg|Neustadt Camp Ritchie certificate]]
* [[:File:5784574938231046.jpg|Neustadt name-change court order]]
* [[:File:5784574958231044.jpg|Newton clinical summary]]
* [[:File:5784574971564376.jpg|Newton record of award of decoration]]
* [[:File:5784574951564378.jpg|Newton military education record]]
* Dan Gross, ''Timeline of Hermann Neustadt for Camp Ritchie'' (private research document; 1 source documents reviewed)
* Dan Gross, ''Timeline of Neustadt, Hermann for Camp Ritchie'' (private research files; selected non-private narrative findings; 1 source files: HERMANN NEUSTADT.doc)
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