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| == Biography == | | == Biography == |
| [[Wynder, Ernest L (32926486)|Ernst Ludwig Wynder]] was born on 30 April 1922 in Herford, Westphalia, to Jewish parents. In 1938 his family fled Nazi Germany for the United States, where he enrolled at New York University. Roster and enlistment records list him as Ernest L Wynder (ASN 32926486), a German-born Jewish trainee associated with Camp Ritchie; he enlisted from Newark, New Jersey, with four years of college noted on the service record.
| | Ernst Ludwig Wynder (30 April 1922 – 14 July 1999), known as Ernest L. Wynder, was born in Herford, Westphalia, to Jewish parents. In 1938 his family fled Nazi Germany for the United States, where he enrolled at New York University. He trained at Camp Ritchie and served in the Army as a German speaker, including psychological warfare work monitoring German newscasts. He appears in a wartime group photograph of Ritchie Boys at Camp Ritchie with [[Kellen, Konrad (39701828)|Konrad Kellen]], [[Heym, Stefan (32860259)|Stefan Heym]], [[Atlas, Louis (32258804)|Louis Atlas]], [[Weidenreich, Peter H. (32791342)|Peter Weidenreich]], and [[Eaton, Joseph W. (32498461)|Joseph Eaton]] (see gallery caption). |
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| During the Second World War he became a U.S. citizen and served in the Army as a German speaker. Wikipedia records that he was assigned to psychological warfare work monitoring German newscasts. He also appears in a wartime group photograph of Ritchie Boys preserved in the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum ([[Eaton, Joseph W. (32498461)|Joseph Eaton]] collection) and shared on the Ritchie Boys of WWII Facebook page—standing among fellow trainees including [[Kellen, Konrad (39701828)|Konrad Kellen]], [[Heym, Stefan (32860259)|Stefan Heym]], [[Atlas, Louis (32258804)|Louis Atlas]], [[Weidenreich, Peter H. (32791342)|Peter Weidenreich]] (later Wyden), and [[Eaton, Joseph W. (32498461)|Joseph Eaton]] (see gallery caption for the full identification).
| | After the war Wynder studied medicine at Washington University in St. Louis, receiving both a Bachelor of Science and an M.D. in 1950. With thoracic surgeon Evarts A. Graham he published the landmark 1950 ''Journal of the American Medical Association'' study "Tobacco Smoking as a Possible Etiologic Factor in Bronchiogenic Carcinoma," one of the first major papers linking smoking to lung cancer. Follow-up laboratory work showed that cigarette tar could produce cancers in mice. |
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| After the war Wynder studied medicine at Washington University in St. Louis, receiving both a Bachelor of Science and an M.D. in 1950. As a medical student he began the epidemiological work that made his scientific reputation. With thoracic surgeon Evarts A. Graham he published the landmark 1950 ''Journal of the American Medical Association'' study "Tobacco Smoking as a Possible Etiologic Factor in Bronchiogenic Carcinoma," one of the first major scientific papers to identify smoking as a contributory cause of lung cancer. Follow-up laboratory work with Graham showed that cigarette tar could produce cancers in mice and helped identify carcinogens in tobacco smoke.
| | Wynder spent the 1950s and 1960s at the Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, published hundreds of papers on cancer epidemiology, founded the American Health Foundation in 1969, and in 1972 founded the journal ''Preventive Medicine''. He received the Robert Koch Prize (Gold) in 1990. |
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| Wynder spent the 1950s and 1960s at the Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, published hundreds of papers on cancer epidemiology (including lung, breast, and many other sites), founded the American Health Foundation in 1969, and in 1972 founded the journal ''Preventive Medicine'', which he edited. He received the Robert Koch Prize (Gold) in 1990. He died of thyroid cancer in Manhattan on 14 July 1999. | |
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| == Research notes == | | == Research notes == |